The following statements are either TRUE or FALSE. In the spaces provided write TRUE if the statement is correct and FALSE if the statement is not correct. (i) All animals have a backbone. ………………… (ii) The stomach produces hydrochloric acid to aid digestion. ………………… (iii) Algae belong to the Kingdom Protista. ………………… (iv) The pulmonary artery carries oxygenated blood. ………………… (v) Osmosis is the movement of water across a fully permeable membrane. ………………… (vi) Cholera is caused by a bacterium. ………………… (vii) The cell wall in fungi is made of chitin. ………………… (viii) All plants have vascular tissues. ………………… (ix) Blood group O can donate to all blood groups. ………………… (x) Transpiration pull helps in the movement of water in plants. …………………

1. All animals have a backbone. (1 mk)
2. The stomach produces hydrochloric acid to aid digestion. (1 mk)
3. Algae belong to the Kingdom Protista. (1 mk)
4. The pulmonary artery carries oxygenated blood. (1 mk)
5. Osmosis is the movement of water across a fully permeable membrane. (1 mk)
6. Cholera is caused by a bacterium. (1 mk)
7. The cell wall in fungi is made of chitin. (1 mk)
8. All plants have vascular tissues. (1 mk)
9. Blood group O can donate to all blood groups. (1 mk)
10. Transpiration pull helps in the movement of water in plants. (1 mk)

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The following are matching items. Match the phrase or term in List A with that in List B by writing its letter in the spaces provided in the table at the end of the question. LIST A LIST B (i) Site of photosynthesis in plant cells A. Chloroplast (ii) Disease caused by lack of vitamin D B. Rickets (iii) Structure for gaseous exchange in leaves C. Stomata (iv) Carries blood from the heart to the body D. Aorta (v) Organism that causes amoebic dysentery E. Entamoeba histolytica (vi) Deficiency disease due to lack of vitamin A F. Night blindness

1. Site of photosynthesis in plant cells (1 mk)
2. Disease caused by lack of vitamin D (1 mk)
3. Structure for gaseous exchange in leaves (1 mk)
4. Carries blood from the heart to the body (1 mk)
5. Organism that causes amoebic dysentery (1 mk)
6. Deficiency disease due to lack of vitamin A (1 mk)

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State one difference between an organ and an organ system.

1. Define the term "organ". (10 mk)
2. Name three organs in the human digestive system and their functions. (10 mk)
3. State one difference between an organ and an organ system. (10 mk)

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List two factors that affect the rate of transpiration.

1. What is meant by the term "transpiration"? (10 mk)
2. Draw a labelled diagram of a stomata showing guard cells and epidermal cells. (10 mk)
3. List two factors that affect the rate of transpiration. (10 mk)

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Define the term "ecosystem".

1. Define the term "ecosystem". (2 mk)
2. Construct a food chain with five organisms, including a producer and a tertiary consumer. (3 mk)
3. Explain one role of producers in an ecosystem. (2 mk)

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What is meant by the term "binomial nomenclature"?

1. What is meant by the term "binomial nomenclature"? (2 mk)
2. List three rules of binomial nomenclature. (3 mk)
3. Give the scientific name of one plant and one animal. (2 mk)

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Define the term "immunity".

1. Define the term "immunity". (2 mk)
2. Outline three ways the body defends itself against pathogens. (3 mk)
3. Name one disease that can be prevented by vaccination. (2 mk)

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Write an essay on bilharzia using the following guidelines: • Causative agent • Modes of transmission • Symptoms • Effects on the body • Prevention and control measures

1. Write an essay on bilharzia using the following guidelines: • Causative agent • Modes of transmission • Symptoms • Effects on the body • Prevention and control measures (20 mk)

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Write an essay on the importance of the circulatory system in mammals using the following guidelines: • Structure of the circulatory system • Functions of the circulatory system • Importance of blood circulation • Common disorders of the circulatory system

1. Write an essay on the importance of the circulatory system in mammals using the following guidelines: • Structure of the circulatory system • Functions of the circulatory system • Importance of blood circulation • Common disorders of the circulatory system (20 mk)

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