Arteries have thick muscular walls because they transport blood

For each of the items (i) - (x), write True if a statement is correct or False if a statement is not correct in the spaces provided. (i) All cells contain chloroplasts. (ii) Cholera is transmitted through contaminated food. (iii) During inhalation, diaphragm relaxes and becomes dome-shaped. (iv) Vena cava transports deoxygenated blood from the body to the heart. (v) Sharing of towels can spread STI’s (vi) Zoologist is a person who studies plants. (vii) Bile is a greenish yellow liquid produced by gall bladder. (viii)Producers are organisms that make their own food. (ix) All members of Kingdom Fungi are autotrophs. (x) Sitting upright when eating or drinking prevents choking.

Match the phrases in List A with responses in List B by writing the letter of the correct response below the corresponding item number in the table provided. List A (i) Ability of the body to resist infection and disease (ii) The invasion of pathogens into the body of living organism. (iii) A process of inducing antigens into a healthy person. (iv) A condition that affects the health of the body and is characterized by certain symptom. (v) Agents which spread pathogens in the community. List B A Disease B Vaccination C Infections D Vectors E Immunity F Endemic G Antibodies H Pandemic Answers List A (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) (v) List B

1. Ability of the body to resist infection and disease (1 mk)
2. The invasion of pathogens into the body of living organism. (1 mk)
3. A process of inducing antigens into a healthy person. (1 mk)
4. A condition that affects the health of the body and is characterized by certain symptom. (1 mk)
5. Agents which spread pathogens in the community. (1 mk)

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Complete each of the following statements by writing the correct answer in the spaces provided. (i) The sticky fluid in the nose that helps to trap dust is known as (ii) The muscles that are found between the ribs are called (iii) The process of taking in air into the lungs is called (iv) The breakdown of food in the absence of oxygen to release energy is known as (v) The structure that closes the opening of the trachea to prevent food from entering it during swallowing is known as

1. The sticky fluid in the nose that helps to trap dust is known as (1 mk)
2. The muscles that are found between the ribs are called (1 mk)
3. The process of taking in air into the lungs is called (1 mk)
4. The breakdown of food in the absence of oxygen to release energy is known as (1 mk)
5. The structure that closes the opening of the trachea to prevent food from entering it during swallowing is known as (1 mk)

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(a) Why is food chain considered to be a simple transfer of energy? Briefly explain. (b) Construct four possible food chains by using the following organisms: Grasses, Lion, Bacteria, Zebra, Hyena and Giraffe. (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) (c) Explain the role played by the following organisms in the food chains you have constructed in 7(b) above. (i) Bacteria. (ii) Grasses.

1. Why is food chain considered to be a simple transfer of energy? Briefly explain. (0 mk)
2. Construct four possible food chains by using the following organisms: Grasses, Lion, Bacteria, Zebra, Hyena and Giraffe. (0 mk)
3. Explain the role played by Bacteria in the food chains you have constructed in 7(b) above. (0 mk)
4. Explain the role played by Grasses in the food chains you have constructed in 7(b) above. (0 mk)

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2 cm3 of a food sample solution Q changed to purple colouration when 1 cm3 of sodium hydroxide followed by 2-3 drops of copper II sulphate solution were added to it. (a) Identify a food substance present in the solution Q. (b) State two functions of the food substance present in the solution Q. (i) (ii) (c) Give five natural sources of food substance contained in the solution Q. (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) (v)

1. Identify a food substance present in the solution Q. (0 mk)
2. State two functions of the food substance present in the solution Q. (0 mk)
3. Give five natural sources of food substance contained in the solution Q. (0 mk)

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(a) State the use of the following components of First Aid kit. (i) Cotton wool (ii) New razor blade (iii) Soap (iv) Iodine tincture (b) Give four importance of providing First Aid to a person who has been bitten by a snake.

1. State the use of the following components of First Aid kit: (i) Cotton wool (ii) New razor blade (iii) Soap (iv) Iodine tincture (0 mk)
2. Give four importance of providing First Aid to a person who has been bitten by a snake. (0 mk)

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(a) Differentiate eukaryotic from prokaryotic cells. (b) Choose any two parts found in an animal cell and briefly explain one function for each. (i) (ii) (c) Why most of the plant cells have cellulose cell wall? Briefly explain.

1. Differentiate eukaryotic from prokaryotic cells. (6 mk)
2. Choose any two parts found in an animal cell and briefly explain one function for each. (4 mk)
3. Why most of the plant cells have cellulose cell wall? Briefly explain. (5 mk)

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State three laboratory rules. (i) (ii) (iii)

1. State three laboratory rules. (3 mk)

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Describe two merits and two demerits of each of the artificial and the natural systems of classifications.

1. Describe two merits and two demerits of the artificial systems of classification. (0 mk)

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Explain the importance of transport of materials in animals. Give six points.

1. Explain the importance of transport of materials in animals. Give six points. (0 mk)

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