You have been provided with specimens J, X, Y and Z. Observe the specimens carefully. then answer the following questions: (a) (i) Draw a well labeled diagram of specimen X with locomotary structures. (ii) Why specimen X must have locomotary structures? Give four reasons. (iii) Use a knife to cut and totally remove the scales and fine structures from specimen X and explain four activities that will be impaired, if the specimen is intact. (b) (i) Study specimen Y and J and give their common names and the part of the skeleton from which each specimen were taken. (ii) Briefly explain the function performed by specimen Y in the human body. (iii) Explain four adaptive features of specimen Y which help it to its function to the human body. (C) (1) Carefully observe the structure of specimen J and identify the type of joint(s) that would be formed to the body of the animal. (2) Explain how the specimen J is adapted for formation of the joint(s) identified in (1). (d) Closely observe specimen Z and explain three characteristic features which help it to move in its habitat easily.

1. Set up the apparatus as shown in Diagram 1. Record your initial readings. (5 mk)
2. Draw a well labeled diagram of specimen X with locomotary structures. (3 mk)
3. Carry out the experiment for 15 minutes, taking readings at 3-minute intervals. Record your results in a table. (10 mk)
4. Why specimen X must have locomotary structures? Give four reasons. (4 mk)
5. Plot a graph of your results. Label the axes and title the graph. (5 mk)
6. Use a knife to cut and totally remove the scales and fine structures from specimen X and explain four activities that will be impaired, if the specimen is intact. (4 mk)
7. Study specimen Y and J and give their common names and the part of the skeleton from which each specimen were taken. (2 mk)
8. Briefly explain the function performed by specimen Y in the human body. (1 mk)
9. Explain four adaptive features of specimen Y which help it to its function to the human body. (4 mk)
10. Carefully observe the structure of specimen J and identify the type of joint(s) that would be formed to the body of the animal. (1 mk)
11. Explain how the specimen J is adapted for formation of the joint(s) identified in (1). (2 mk)
12. Closely observe specimen Z and explain three characteristic features which help it to move in its habitat easily. (3 mk)

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Carefully study the specimens G, H and K and answer the following questions: (a) (i) Identify one feature which may influence the artificial classification system to place both specimens K and H into the same taxonomic group. (ii) Why is specimen K and H not in the same taxonomic group of 'insects' under artificial classification system for given reasons. (b) (i) Classify each of the specimens G, H and K to Class level. (ii) Account for the features used in the natural classification system to place specimens G and H to their Classes. (i) Name four organisms which share the same Phylum with the specimen K. (ii) In what ways members that were placed together with specimen K in the same Class are advantageous in our daily life? (c) (i) Draw a diagram of specimen H and label external features (ii) Identify two observable features of specimen H at the Kingdom level

1. Identify specimen A and list three of its distinguishing features. (5 mk)
2. Identify one feature which may influence the artificial classification system to place both specimens K and H into the same taxonomic group. (1 mk)
3. Describe the structure of specimen B, highlighting its adaptation to its environment. (10 mk)
4. Why is specimen K and H not in the same taxonomic group of 'insects' under artificial classification system for given reasons. (2 mk)
5. Explain the function of part X in specimen C. (5 mk)
6. Classify specimen D up to the level of Phylum/Division. (5 mk)
7. Name four organisms which share the same Phylum with the specimen K. (4 mk)
8. In what ways members that were placed together with specimen K in the same Class are advantageous in our daily life? (3 mk)
9. Draw a diagram of specimen H and label external features (2 mk)
10. Identify two observable features of specimen H at the Kingdom level (2 mk)

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