Give four physical features typical of the rift area and one short effect of each on transport.

1. Effect on transport 1: (1 mk)
2. Effect on transport 2: (1 mk)
3. Effect on transport 3: (1 mk)
4. Effect on transport 4: (1 mk)

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State four demographic pressures that often lead to high fertility in town outskirts.

1. Pressure 1: (1 mk)
2. Pressure 2: (1 mk)
3. Pressure 3: (1 mk)
4. Pressure 4: (1 mk)

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List four hygiene- or nutrition-related contributors to infant deaths and propose a remedy for each.

1. Remedy 1: (1 mk)
2. Remedy 2: (1 mk)
3. Remedy 3: (1 mk)
4. Remedy 4: (1 mk)

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What is the main function of an angular-measuring instrument in surveying?

1. State the main function of an angular-measuring instrument in surveying. (2 mk)
2. Main function: (2 mk)

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Give four examples of businesses that use glacial soils or landforms and why they do so.

1. Reason 1: (1 mk)
2. Reason 2: (1 mk)
3. Reason 3: (1 mk)
4. Reason 4: (1 mk)

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Mention two advantages and two disadvantages of expanding accommodation services in small settlements.

1. Advantage 1: (1 mk)
2. Advantage 2: (1 mk)
3. Disadvantage 1: (1 mk)
4. Disadvantage 2: (1 mk)

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(a) Offer a brief meaning of pollution. (b) Classify pollution by impact zone and list one example of each.

1. Meaning of pollution: (1 mk)
2. Example for classification 2: (1 mk)

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(a) Define contamination briefly. (b) Name two routine tests used to detect water contamination.

1. Definition of contamination: (1 mk)
2. Test 2: (1 mk)

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Give four hydrological features necessary for a dam to be effective.

1. Hydrological feature 1: (1 mk)
2. Hydrological feature 2: (1 mk)
3. Hydrological feature 3: (1 mk)
4. Hydrological feature 4: (1 mk)

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State four ways geography lessons support disaster awareness in schools.

1. Way 1: (1 mk)
2. Way 2: (1 mk)
3. Way 3: (1 mk)
4. Way 4: (1 mk)

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Explain four analytical techniques students learn in geography and give one workplace use for each.

1. Workplace use 1: (3 mk)
2. Workplace use 2: (3 mk)
3. Workplace use 3: (3 mk)
4. Workplace use 4: (3 mk)

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(a) What are teaching supports? (b) Give three benefits and two limitations of hands-on model maps in class.

1. Definition of teaching supports: (4 mk)
2. Give a limitation of hands-on model maps in class. (2 mk)
3. Limitation 2: (1 mk)

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Evaluate four methods for recording field observations in terms of cost and clarity.

1. Method 1 (Cost and Clarity): (5 mk)
2. Method 2 (Cost and Clarity): (5 mk)
3. Method 3 (Cost and Clarity): (5 mk)
4. Method 4 (Cost and Clarity): (5 mk)

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Discuss four functions of a syllabus in guiding classroom pacing and assessment.

1. Function 1: (5 mk)
2. Function 2: (5 mk)
3. Function 3: (5 mk)
4. Function 4: (5 mk)

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(a) Define a lesson outline. (b) Prepare a 45-minute outline on "Rotation effects: tides and sunlight", include starter, main activity, and mini-assessment.

1. Definition of lesson outline: (5 mk)
2. Lesson outline on "Rotation effects: tides and sunlight" (45 mins): (15 mk)

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Provide four methods to train students in using measuring tapes and clinometers, with an example for each.

1. Method 1 for training and example: (5 mk)
2. Method 2 for training and example: (5 mk)
3. Method 3 for training and example: (5 mk)
4. Method 4 for training and example: (5 mk)

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Build a short Think-Pair-Share session for teaching profile drawing from contours, include timing and success criteria.

1. Think-Pair-Share session plan (including timing and success criteria): (20 mk)

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List four reasons formative checks help teachers, and name one simple instrument to carry out each check.

1. Instrument for Reason 1: (2 mk)
2. Instrument for Reason 2: (2 mk)
3. Instrument for Reason 3: (2 mk)
4. Instrument for Reason 4: (2 mk)

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