(a) Write a brief account on eight advantages and four disadvantages of using pedigree method of plant breeding. (b) Outline the general procedures which are used in developing crop varieties by mass selection.

1. Write a brief account on eight advantages and four disadvantages of using pedigree method of plant breeding. (0 alama)
2. Outline the general procedures which are used in developing crop varieties by mass selection. (0 alama)

Boresha ili kuona majibu ya mfano.

(a) Given the symptoms of the disease (i) give the name of the disease (ii) give the causative agent of the disease and write its scientific name (iii) suggest six cultural measures for the disease, (b) Enumerate seven reasons as to why people study plant diseases and (c) briefly explain four major factors influencing the occurrence of epiphytotic diseases in the field.

1. Given the symptoms of the disease (i) give the name of the disease (ii) give the causative agent of the disease and write its scientific name (iii) suggest six cultural measures for the disease, (0 alama)
2. Enumerate seven reasons as to why people study plant diseases (0 alama)
3. briefly explain four major factors influencing the occurrence of epiphytotic diseases in the field. (0 alama)

Boresha ili kuona majibu ya mfano.

(a) State five fundamental principles of crop protection (b) Mention five effects of crop pests and (c) give the scientific names of the following storage pests: (i) Lesser grain borer (ii) Common rat (iii) Warehouse moth, (iv) Red flour beetle (v) Zebrotes bruchid.

1. State five fundamental principles of crop protection (0 alama)
2. Mention five effects of crop pests (0 alama)
3. give the scientific names of the following storage pests: (i) Lesser grain borer (ii) Common rat (iii) Warehouse moth, (iv) Red flour beetle (v) Zebrotes bruchid. (0 alama)

Boresha ili kuona majibu ya mfano.

(a) Briefly describe the following terminologies as used in plant diseases (i) signs (ii) symptoms (iii) animated plant diseases (iv) abiotic plant diseases (b) Identify causative agent, two typical symptoms and two control measures for each of the following plant diseases: (i) cotton blight (ii) tobacco mosaic (iii) Black stem rust of wheat (iv) Groundnut rosette.

1. Briefly describe the following terminologies as used in plant diseases (i) signs (ii) symptoms (iii) animated plant diseases (iv) abiotic plant diseases (0 alama)
2. Identify causative agent, two typical symptoms and two control measures for each of the following plant diseases: (i) cotton blight (ii) tobacco mosaic (iii) Black stem rust of wheat (iv) Groundnut rosette. (0 alama)

Boresha ili kuona majibu ya mfano.

Briefly explain six environmental factors that affect the performance of herbicides. Give six reasons for formulating pesticides. Briefly outline three non-insecticidal pest control measures available to farmers. Briefly describe five features that have made weeds have a competitive edge.

1. Briefly explain six environmental factors that affect the performance of herbicides. (0 alama)
2. Briefly explain six environmental factors that affects the performance of the herbicides (0 alama)
3. Give six reasons of formulating pesticides (0 alama)
4. Give six reasons for formulating pesticides. (0 alama)
5. Briefly outline three non-insecticidal pest control measures available to farmers. (0 alama)
6. Briefly outline three non-insecticidal pest control measures available to farmers (0 alama)
7. Briefly describe five features that have made weeds have a competitive edge. (0 alama)
8. Briefly describe five features that have made weeds to have competitive edge. (0 alama)

Boresha ili kuona majibu ya mfano.

Briefly outline five stages of the life cycle of one host tick. Explain six damages caused by ticks when feeding on an animal. Mention five ways of controlling ticks in the pasture. List four effective characteristics of acaricides.

1. Briefly outline five stages of the life cycle of one host tick, (0 alama)
2. Briefly outline five stages of the life cycle of one host tick. (0 alama)
3. Explain six damages caused by ticks on feeding to an animal (0 alama)
4. Explain six damages caused by ticks when feeding on an animal. (0 alama)
5. Mention five ways of controlling ticks in the pasture. (0 alama)
6. Mention five ways of controlling ticks in the pasture (0 alama)
7. List four effective characteristics of acaricides (0 alama)
8. List four effective characteristics of acaricides. (0 alama)

Boresha ili kuona majibu ya mfano.

Account for the seven reasons which may cause lack of legumes in the pastures. Describe four factors that affect the yield potential of pasture species. Briefly explain five qualities of a good pasture. Suggest four possible strengths of zero grazing as compared to other systems of grazing.

1. Account for the seven reasons which may cause lack of legumes in the pastures. (0 alama)
2. Account for the seven reasons which may cause lack of legumes in the pastures, (0 alama)
3. Describe four factors that affects yield potential of pasture species, (0 alama)
4. Describe four factors that affect the yield potential of pasture species. (0 alama)
5. Briefly explain five qualities of a good pasture. (0 alama)
6. Briefly explain five qualities of a good pasture. (0 alama)
7. Suggest four possible strengths of zero grazing as compared to other systems of grazing. (0 alama)
8. Suggest four possible strengths of zero grazing as compared to other systems of grazing. (0 alama)

Boresha ili kuona majibu ya mfano.

Give brief explanation of how feed intake is affected by: (a) feed processing (b) animals associated factors (c) food associated factors.

1. Give brief explanation of how feed intake is affected by feed processing (0 alama)
2. Give brief explanation of how feed intake is affected by feed processing. (0 alama)
3. Give brief explanation of how feed intake is affected by animals associated factors (0 alama)
4. Give brief explanation of how feed intake is affected by animal associated factors. (0 alama)
5. Give brief explanation of how feed intake is affected by food associated factors. (0 alama)
6. Give brief explanation of how feed intake is affected by food associated factors. (0 alama)

Boresha ili kuona majibu ya mfano.

(i) Give the meaning of the term animal breeding. (ii) Briefly explain five usefulness of animal breeding in the improvement of animal production. (i) Elaborate five suitability of inbreeding systems in the improvement of livestock. (ii) Outline four negative effects of inbreeding in the improvement of animal production. Enumerate five ways in which pedigree selection is important in the improvement of animal production.

1. Give the meaning of the term animal breeding (0 alama)
2. Briefly explain five usefulness of animal breeding in the improvement of animal production. (0 alama)
3. Outline four negative effects of inbreeding in the improvement of animal production. (0 alama)
4. Enumerate five ways in which pedigree selection is important in the improvement of animal production. (0 alama)

Boresha ili kuona majibu ya mfano.

Give the meaning of the following terms: (i) Biotechnology, (ii) Modern technology. (iii) Conventional technology. Briefly describe three environmental risks associated with Genetically Modified Organisms. Identify four important effects resulted from global warming that poses a big challenge to agriculture in most parts of the developing world. Briefly explain six potential benefits of Genetically modified organisms in production of crops.

1. Give the meaning of the following terms: (i) Biotechnology, (ii) Modern technology. (iii) Conventional technology. (0 alama)
2. Briefly describe three environmental risks associated with Genetically Modified Organisms. (0 alama)
3. Identify four important effects resulted from global warming that poses a big challenge to agriculture in most parts of the developing world. (0 alama)
4. Briefly explain six potential benefits of Genetically modified organisms in production of crops. (0 alama)

Boresha ili kuona majibu ya mfano.